There are also 3-way and more complicated designs. Similarly, if the valve is closed when the solenoid is not energized, then the valve is termed normally closed (N.C.). If the valve is open when the solenoid is not energized, then the valve is termed normally open (N.O.). A 2-way valve, for example, has 2 ports if the valve is open, then the two ports are connected and fluid may flow between the ports if the valve is closed, then ports are isolated.
Ordinary valves can have many ports and fluid paths.
Solenoids offer fast and safe switching, high-reliability, long service life, good medium compatibility of the materials used, low control power and compact design. They are found in many application areas. Their tasks are to shut off, release, dose, distribute or mix fluids. Solenoid valves are the most frequently used control elements in fluidics. Multiple solenoid valves can be placed together on a manifold. The valve can use a two-port design to regulate a flow or use a three or more port design to switch flows between ports. The mechanism varies from linear action, plunger-type actuators to pivoted-armature actuators and rocker actuators. Solenoid valves differ in the characteristics of the electric current they use, the strength of the magnetic field they generate, the mechanism they use to regulate the fluid, and the type and characteristics of fluid they control. A solenoid valve is an electromechanically operated valve.
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